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Bachtiar Effendi
Bachtiar Effendi (also spelled Bachtiar Effendy; after 1903 – 1 April 1976) was an Indonesian film actor and director who also served as a cultural critic. Beginning his film career in 1930, he made several works for Tan's Film before joining a drama troupe. After spending ten years in British Malaya, he returned to Indonesia and directed several more films before being sent to Italy as a press attaché. He lived in the country for most of the remainder of his life, having found disfavour after supporting the Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia.
==Early life==
Effendi was the younger brother of Rustam Effendi, a communist-sympathising poet born in 1903. Their family was originally from Padang, West Sumatra, although the brothers left Padang for their education. Effendi dropped out of senior high school – a level of schooling already more than most native children received – and instead of becoming a law student as his parents intended he became a labourer at Tan's Film, working in decor.
Effendi acted in his first acting role in 1930 with ''Si Ronda''. He then became an assistant director with ''Melati van Agam'' (1931), also taking a minor acting role. He directed his first film, the talkie ''Njai Dasima'', in 1932, becoming the first native Indonesian film director in the Indies. Afterwards he left Tan's to replace Andjar Asmara as editor in chief of ''Doenia Film'', a Malay-language film magazine.
Effendi joined the Dardanella theatre troupe in 1936, working as an actor. Andjar served as a dramatist. In 1936 the two left Dardanella to establish the Bollero troupe, and sometime later Effendi married Suhara, the sister of Andjar's wife Ratna. After Andjar left the troupe in 1940 to work for The Teng Chun's Java Industrial Film, Effendi remained leader of Bollero, which became increasingly politicised and vocal against the widespread corruption of the time. During this time he married Zuhara.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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